12to11-rpm/README.md

# 12to11 for Fedora and Enterprise Linux

This repository contains the RPM packaging for [12to11](https://github.com/fish4terrisa-MSDSM/12to11), a Wayland-to-X11 protocol translator. Packages are built in the [andersrh/12to11 COPR project](https://copr.fedorainfracloud.org/coprs/andersrh/12to11/). The repository also builds `12to11-autostart`, a small companion package that launches 12to11 automatically when an X11 session begins.

## What is 12to11?

12to11 is a small Wayland compositor that runs as a regular X11 client. It creates a Wayland socket and displays Wayland applications as normal X11 windows. This makes it possible to run Wayland-only applications, such as [Waydroid](https://waydro.id/), from an X11 session without running Weston as a nested compositor.

The package is built with EGL/OpenGL ES 2.0 rendering enabled. 12to11 also implements the Wayland data-device and X11 selection handling needed for clipboard integration between Wayland applications and the X11 desktop.

This package tracks the actively developed [fish4terrisa-MSDSM fork](https://github.com/fish4terrisa-MSDSM/12to11) and is licensed under GPL-3.0-only.

## Example: Waydroid running through 12to11

The following screenshot shows Waydroid running as a Wayland application through 12to11 on an X11 desktop:

![Waydroid running through 12to11](screenshots/waydroid%20on%2012to11.png)

## Supported targets

The COPR project currently provides builds for:

- Fedora 43, Fedora 44, Fedora 45, and Fedora Rawhide
- EPEL 10
- AlmaLinux 10 with EPEL (x86_64-v2)

The COPR builds are unofficial and are provided as-is.

## Installation from COPR

The `dnf copr` command is provided by `dnf-plugins-core`. Install it first if it is not already available.

### Fedora

```bash
sudo dnf install dnf-plugins-core
sudo dnf copr enable andersrh/12to11
sudo dnf install 12to11
```

### AlmaLinux, RHEL-compatible distributions, and EPEL

The EL builds use `libXpresent` from the [xlibre/xlibre-xserver COPR](https://copr.fedorainfracloud.org/coprs/g/xlibre/xlibre-xserver/), because `libXpresent` is not available in the standard EL repositories.

On AlmaLinux, install and enable EPEL if necessary, then enable both COPR repositories:

```bash
sudo dnf install epel-release dnf-plugins-core
sudo dnf copr enable @xlibre/xlibre-xserver
sudo dnf copr enable andersrh/12to11
sudo dnf install 12to11
```

On RHEL-compatible distributions where `epel-release` is not available directly, enable EPEL using the distribution's documented procedure before installing 12to11.

## Starting 12to11 automatically

The optional `12to11-autostart` package installs `/etc/xdg/autostart/12to11.desktop`, so desktop environments that follow the XDG autostart specification launch 12to11 at the start of each X11 session:

```bash
sudo dnf install 12to11-autostart
```

The entry uses `NoDisplay=true`, so it does not appear in application menus. To disable it for a single user, copy the file to `~/.config/autostart/` and add `Hidden=true`.

When 12to11 is started this way it listens on the first free Wayland socket, normally `wayland-0`.

## Running 12to11 with Waydroid

Start 12to11 in an X11 session. If `12to11-autostart` is installed, 12to11 is already running when the session starts and this step can be skipped. The `-printsocket` option prints the Wayland socket name while the compositor continues running:

```bash
RENDERER=egl 12to11 -printsocket
```

For example, it may print:

```text
wayland-0
```

Keep that process running. In another terminal, use the socket name printed by 12to11:

```bash
export WAYLAND_DISPLAY=wayland-0
waydroid show-full-ui
```

If 12to11 prints a different socket name, use that name instead. Do not assume that the socket is always `wayland-0`.

If the Waydroid session is not already running, start it before showing the UI:

```bash
waydroid session start
```

The exact Waydroid setup still depends on the Android image, kernel support, graphics driver, and whether Google Apps are installed.

### Fixing a very small Waydroid window

If Waydroid appears as a very small window in the lower-left corner, set its display dimensions while the Waydroid session is running. The following example uses a 1920×1080 display; replace these values with your own screen resolution. When choosing the dimensions, account for desktop panels, taskbars, or docks that occupy part of the screen; subtract their height or width where appropriate:

```bash
waydroid prop set persist.waydroid.height 1080
waydroid prop set persist.waydroid.width 1920
```

Restart the Waydroid session and container so the new dimensions take effect:

```bash
waydroid session stop
sudo waydroid container stop
waydroid show-full-ui
```

If you are running 12to11 on a non-default Wayland socket, export the socket name before starting the UI as described above.

## Building the RPM locally

The spec file builds the upstream GitHub release tarball using the project's Makefile, with EGL support enabled (the upstream default).

### 1. Install packaging tools

Fedora:

```bash
sudo dnf install rpm-build rpmdevtools dnf-plugins-core
```

AlmaLinux, RHEL-compatible distributions, and EPEL:

```bash
sudo dnf install epel-release rpm-build rpmdevtools dnf-plugins-core
sudo dnf copr enable @xlibre/xlibre-xserver
```

### 2. Install the build dependencies

Run this from the repository checkout:

```bash
sudo dnf builddep 12to11.spec
```

On EL systems, the xlibre COPR must be enabled first so that `libXpresent-devel` can be resolved.

### 3. Build the package

```bash
rpmdev-setuptree
cp 12to11.spec ~/rpmbuild/SPECS/
spectool -g --directory ~/rpmbuild/SOURCES ~/rpmbuild/SPECS/12to11.spec
rpmbuild -ba ~/rpmbuild/SPECS/12to11.spec
```

`12to11-autostart` needs no downloaded source — its `Source0` is the `12to11.desktop` file in this repository:

```bash
cp 12to11-autostart.spec ~/rpmbuild/SPECS/
cp 12to11.desktop ~/rpmbuild/SOURCES/
rpmbuild -ba ~/rpmbuild/SPECS/12to11-autostart.spec
```

The resulting files are written to:

```text
~/rpmbuild/RPMS/$(uname -m)/
~/rpmbuild/SRPMS/
```

Install the locally built package with:

```bash
sudo dnf install ~/rpmbuild/RPMS/$(uname -m)/12to11-*.rpm
```

`12to11-autostart` is a `noarch` package, so it is written to `~/rpmbuild/RPMS/noarch/` instead:

```bash
sudo dnf install ~/rpmbuild/RPMS/noarch/12to11-autostart-*.rpm
```

### Building in COPR

COPR reads `12to11.spec`, downloads the source archive specified by `Source0`, installs the `BuildRequires`, and builds the package in a clean chroot for each enabled target. The EL builds also have the xlibre/xlibre-xserver COPR configured as an external repository so that `libXpresent-devel` is available during the build.

`12to11-autostart` is built from `12to11-autostart.spec` in the same way. Its `Source0` is the `12to11.desktop` file in this repository rather than a remote archive, so the file must be available alongside the spec file (for example, committed to the same COPR source repository).

To update to a new upstream release, change `Version` in `12to11.spec`, update the changelog, and submit the changed spec file to the COPR project.

## Known limitations

12to11 is not a complete Wayland compositor. According to the upstream project:

- Touchscreen support is not implemented.
- Device switching in DMA-BUF feedback is not implemented.
- It requires X.Org Server 1.20 or later.
- It works best with a compositing window manager that supports the EWMH frame-synchronization protocol.
- Upstream testing has primarily been done with GNOME Shell; other window managers may have compatibility issues.

For Waydroid controlled with a mouse on an X11 desktop, the missing touchscreen support is usually not a problem.

## Links

- [12to11 upstream project](https://github.com/fish4terrisa-MSDSM/12to11)
- [12to11 COPR repository](https://copr.fedorainfracloud.org/coprs/andersrh/12to11/)
- [COPR xlibre/xlibre-xserver repository](https://copr.fedorainfracloud.org/coprs/g/xlibre/xlibre-xserver/)